Style Guides are available for download in PDF format:

English Version

French Version

The JSBE accepts and publishes papers in English or French with abstracts in both languages. Authors of accepted papers will be required to provide a translation of their paper’s abstract into English if the paper is written French and French if it is written in English.

Electronic Format
The JSBE is now accepting only digital manuscripts. Manuscripts in MS Word or WordPerfect should be sent as an attached file via email, or the disk may be mailed as follows:

E-mail: Send a single MSWord or WordPerfect file as an attachment. The file should contain (in this order):
(1) the cover page including author(s) contact information and biographies; (2) the article; (3) the references; and (4) tables and figures. Put [first author's last name] Submission (for example: Smith Submission) on the subject line. Send to: This e-mail address is being protected from spam bots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it .

Carrier mail: Mail a floppy disk with the file as described above to: Managing Editor, Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Administration, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada, S4S 0A2.

Author Biography
All Article manuscripts must include a two-sentence biographical statement for each author, with the first sentence stating current professional position, and the second stating current research interests.

Article Abstract
Because of Internet search engines, a clear and precise abstract is more important than ever. Abstracts should be limited to 100-150 words and should contain those key words that would pop up in a global search. In the manuscript file, the abstract should immediately follow the title page, and should be single-spaced to distinguish it from the main text which should begin on the same page.

Text

• Double-spaced, left justified, 12 point font, one inch margins.
• The preferred length for papers is no more than 25 pages long including references, footnotes, figures, and tables (approximately 10,000 words), however longer papers will be accepted for review.
• Indent first line of each paragraph using the paragraph format function. Do not use tabs or spaces.

Important Matters of Style
Adherence to the following guidelines is of particular importance:

• Spell out all acronyms first before using [for example: Journal of Small Business Management (JSBE)]
• Use the symbol for percent (%) only when preceded by a numeral, otherwise use the word percent, except in tables and figures where symbol % should be used in all circumstances to conserve space.
• Spell out numbers one to nine.
• Use "for example" and "that is" instead of "e.g." and "i.e." [The JSBE has many readers for whom English is not the primary language, and the added burden of Latin abbreviations is unnecessary.]
• Use an em-dash (–), not a hyphen (-) to set off text from the rest of the sentence.
• Hypothesis statements should be italicized and formatted as a "hanging indent" paragraph.
• Italicize all statistical terms in text and tables (p, n, R2, F).
• Use double quotes, not single quotes (except for quoted material within other quoted material).
• Place commas and periods inside quotation marks.

Headings
The JSBE uses only three levels of headings in the text (levels one, three and four from the APA style guide). It is important that headings in all submitted manuscripts follow this format so that there is no confusion over the intended heading level. See the examples that follow.

Bold, Centered, Uppercase and Lowercase (example of level one heading)

Bold, Flush Left, Italicized, Upper and Lowercase Side (example of level two heading)

            Bold, indented, italicized, lowercase paragraph ending with a period. Paragraph text follows period (example of level three heading)

Documentation
Bibliographic references must be complete and correct! This is an essential element of effective academic discourse. Most errors found in manuscripts involve the citations – check yours carefully for the following:

• Citations include all information necessary to enable the reader to locate the referenced publication – author(s)' names (first initial and last name), publication date, article title and/or volume title, volume number, page numbers, publisher (location: name), and editors (include from this list what is applicable).
• Citations must be consistent between text and References. Be sure to check: (1) the spelling and order of author name(s); and (2) publication date. Also be sure that citations that appear in the text are listed in the References and vice versa.
• The JSBE uses the "Author-Date Citation/Reference List" documentation style as described in the APA Publication Manual.
• Citations in the text are noted with the author(s) last name(s) and the publication year. (Examples: "Smith and Jones (1998) found that…"; and "Recent studies (Smith 1998; Brown and Greene 1995; and Doe 1989) indicate…". These citations are matched with corresponding entries in the Reference List at the end of the article.
• Use "et al." only for citations with four or more authors. All author names should be included in the References entry.
• Entries in the References should be in alphabetical order by the first author's last name (if there is a name); by the first word of the publication or of the authoring organization if there is no author name.
• With multiple authors, the first author's last name comes before the first name/initial; the other names are listed in normal order, each separated by a comma.
• Titles must use initial caps (except for prepositions). Capitalize all words following a dash or colon.
• Use traditional state abbreviations, not postal ones. Indicate volume and issue number without words: 12(4). Do not use "pp." before page numbers in either the text or the references.
• Journal and book titles should be italicized (not underlined).
• Entries should be single-spaced and separated by one Hard Return.
• Use a hanging indent for each citation using the paragraph format function. Do not use tabs or spaces.
• Pay attention to punctuation. Study the sample entries below to be sure your entries match ours:

Examples:

Hoy, F., and T. G. Verser (1994). "Emerging Business, Emerging Field: Entrepreneurship and the Family Firm," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 19(1), 9-23. [Journal Article]

Kaslow, F. W., and S. Kaslow (1992). "The Family that Works Together: Special Problems of Family Businesses," in Work, Families, and Organizations. Ed. S. Zedeck. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass, 312-361. [Article within an edited publication]

Ward, J. W. (1987). Keeping the Family Business Healthy. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey Bass. [Book]

Pleck, J. (1979). "Work-Family Conflict: A National Assessment," paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for the Study of Social Problems, Boston, Mass., May. [Paper presented at a conference]

Tables

• Create only with the table editor provided in MS Word or WordPerfect. Do not create tables using tabs to align cells.
• Single-space all material in tables. Decimal align all numbers in columns.
• Title number and name should be on separate lines, both centered over the table. Use initial caps and boldface type; no punctuation. Column headings should use boldface and initial caps. The heading over the first column should be left-justified; center all other headings over the column. Subheads in columns should not be boldface; instead indicate subordinate items by indenting below the subhead.
• Use horizontal lines only to mark the column headings and to end the table. Use no other lines.
• Place notes such as significance levels, data sources, etc. below the table end line. Use asterisks only to indicate level of significance; use superscripts (a,b) to indicate textual comment.
• Place tables at the end of the article.

Example:

Figures
Use headings in same format as for tables. We may need to have your figures scanned in by the printer. If so, you will be asked to mail us a clean, sharp laser-printed hard copy.

Author Contact Information
We must be able to contact you while your article is being processed. You may be queried for critical information, and you will be sent page proofs to review. Be sure to provide us with the home and office phone numbers, fax number, and email address of your designated contact author (and the co-authors, if possible). If the contact author will be on an extended leave (vacation, sabbatical, etc.) during this time, please send us new contact information. We may withdraw your article from our schedule if we cannot contact you when the need arises.

Managing Editor
For clarification or other information please contact:

Robert B. Anderson Ph.D. CMA, Managing Editor
Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship
Faculty of Administration
University of Regina
Regina, SK, Canada, S4S 0A2
Ph.: (306) 585-4728
Fax: (306) 585-4805
E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spam bots, you need JavaScript enabled to view it
Web-page: www.jsbe.com